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Text Processing

tr

Translates or deletes characters in a stream.

tr changes individual characters, squeezes repeats, or deletes character classes.

Syntax
tr [options] set1 [set2]

Arguments explained

  • set1 is the characters to match.
  • set2 is the replacement set.
  • -d deletes matched characters.
  • -s squeezes repeated characters.

Common examples

Uppercase text
echo "linux" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'

Prints LINUX.

Squeeze spaces
tr -s ' ' < file.txt

Compresses repeated spaces into one.

tr Command
FieldDetails
Commandtr
CategoryText Processing
Primary useTranslates or deletes characters in a stream.
Syntaxtr [options] set1 [set2]

Related articles

sed

Edits text streams with scripted rules.

cut

Extracts sections from each line.

xargs

Builds command arguments from input.